Search results for "Energy absorbing"

Simulations of the effect of the contact energy levels on a simple model of a hot carrier cell

2016

In the present work, the performance of a simplified model of a hot carrier cell is examined at different energy levels of carrier collection. Incident photons, Monte Carlo generated by employing the ASTM G173-03 data set, are accounted for individually as they interact with the cell. It is assumed that the carriers can be collected ultra-fast, thus avoiding considering hot carrier thermalisation effects. Although the model is preliminary and lacking some mechanisms of hot carrier cells, it has been demonstrated that the present approach to modelling hot carrier solar cells can be developed into fully working models. Some effects of the absorption energy levels in the valence band have been…

Effects of confinement level, cross-section shape and corner radius on the cyclic behavior of CFRCM confined concrete columns

2014

Abstract The main results of an experimental research aiming to investigate the behavior of medium-size low-strength concrete columns wrapped with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (CFRCM) under monotonic and cyclic compressive axial loads are presented. Thirty columns with circular, square and rectangular cross-sections were tested under monotonic and cyclic axial loads to investigate the effect of the confinement level, the cross-section shape and the corner radius on the stiffness, strength, and ductility of CFRCM confined concrete columns under cyclic loads. The results prove that CFRCM confining jackets provide substantial gain in compressive strength, deformability and absor…

Ab initioand semiempirical calculations ofH−centers in MgO crystals

1999

The atomic and electronic structure of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ions substituting for ${\mathrm{O}}^{2\ensuremath{-}}$ ions in regular sites in MgO crystals are calculated using an ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) cluster approach and its semiempirical version, intermediate neglect of the differential overlap. The theoretical optical absorption energy is predicted to be 10 eV, which is supported by analysis of experimental data for the ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ centers in a series of ionic crystals. The HF simulations of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ ion diffusion via direct interstitial hops along the [100] axis predict an activation energy of about 3 eV.

Analysis of the Relationship between Energy Absorbing Components and Vehicle Crash Response

2016